Chronic Illnesses in Children and Their Effect on the...

Chronic Illnesses in Children and Their Effect on the Families Approximately 10% to 15% of children under 18 years of age have a chronic physical illness or condition and the number of children with chronic conditions has increased substantially in recent decades. It is obvious that chronic illnesses in children do have an immense impact on the families of these children. There are many psychological consequences for the sufferers, their siblings and their parents. Firstly we start by briefly looking at other consequences apart from the symptoms of their illnesses that the patients have to deal with. Sean Phippss research revealed a high occurrence of a repressive adaptive style in children†¦show more content†¦The materials used were the Symptom Checklist, Family Environment Scale, Child Behaviour Checklist and interviews constructed by Leonard herself. The subjects used were 49 families, which were in the large stable, middle-class, Caucasian and religious. They came from rural percent) and urban areas in the five-state region neighbouring Minnesota. The families were interviewed in their homes within one year of the diagnosis. Parents were interviewed jointly and children over the ages of four were interviewed in private. Of the 77 healthy siblings between the ages of four and 16 years of age, 17 meaning 23.6 percent of them exhibited behavioural problems as measured by the Child Behaviour Checklist. These children were in families which had other severe parental and marital troubles thought to occur after the ill childs diagnosis. This evidence shows that chronic illnesses in their siblings could lead to social problems for their siblings, which would be the result of psychological problems that the siblings would have. There are also psychological consequences for the parents of the ill children. Ellen Silver considered whether parents self-reported psychological distress was a consequences of chronic health conditions in their children. Data from aShow MoreRelatedThe Disastrous Effects Of Parental Drug Addiction On Children1478 Words   |  6 PagesThe Disastrous Impact of Parental Drug Addiction on Children Drug addiction is a serious issue in not only America today, but globally. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, substance addiction is a â€Å"chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite the harmful consequences† (â€Å"What is drug addiction?†). Drug abuse affects not only the user, but those around the user as well. 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Starbucks Solvency Case Free Essays

STARBUCK’S ASSIGNMENT Question 2 Short-term liquidity: Starbuck’s current ratio has increased from 1. 29 to 1. 83 between 2009 and 2011. We will write a custom essay sample on Starbucks Solvency Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the same time its quick ratio has also increased to a healthy 1. 36 percent in 2011. It is clear that current liabilities are decreasing at a faster rate than current assets. Thus the company’s ability to meet its obligations in the short-term should not be a problem. Starbucks’ liquidity looks healthy going forward as it has a healthy receivables turnover at 33. 95 in 2011, whilst the average collection period is at 10. 75. Long-term Solvency: The debt to equity ratio dropped from 2010 levels where it was at 0. 74 to 0. 68 in 2011 which means that there has been a reduction in financial risk and an improvement in solvency. This may largely be explained by the increase in retained earnings. The interest coverage is between 4 and 5 times meaning that Starbucks is not at any high risk of default on its debt obligations. Thus the risk of insolvency is highly mitigated. Profitability: The return on equity (ROE) for Starbuck’s has improved greatly from 14. 12% in 2009 to 30. 91% in 2011. The return on assets (ROA) has followed a similar trend growing from 9. 99% in 2009 to 25. 15% in 2011. This suggests that for any potential investors Starbuck’s is a lucrative proposition at least to the extent that past performance is a reliable predictor of future performance. P-E Ratios: Given its size Starbuck’s is not likely to see any extraordinary growth and as such a P-E ratio of 23. 65 in 2011 is reasonable even though it shows a drop from 2009 levels. Of an interest is the fact that over the same period Starbucks EPS have actually grown by up to 200% from 0. 53 to 1. 66. It is clear that investors do not expect any rapid growth in the company’s net income but rather more stable growth. Question 3 With regard to short-term liquidity it is clear that Starbuck’s is doing better than the industry where the current ratio averages out at about 0. 7 and the quick ratio at about 0. 3. Insofar as solvency is concerned Starbuck’s also does better than the industry where debt-equity ratios have reached peaks of 128. 075, whilst industry interest coverage averages out at about 1 or 2 times. Thus Starbuck’s is more solvent than a lot of its peers in the industry. Starbuck’s is also more profitable than the industry where both ROE and ROA average below 20%. Starbucks’ P-E ratio of 23. 65 in 2011 shows that the market expects Starbucks to grow its net income faster than the industry average growth rate which is given by an industry P-E ratio that averages out at about 16. Question 4 Up until 2008 Starbucks registered stable growth, growing its ROE from 14. 10% in 2003 to 29. 81% in 2007. During this same period the return on sales number remained steady around 7%. However it’s ROE plummeted in 2008 to 13. 21%, only recovering in 2010 and peaking at 30. 1% in 2011. At the same time its return on sales dropped to a record 3% in 2008. The drop in 2008-2009 is partly explained by the economic downturn of 2008. Starbucks situation was certainly not helped by the fact that it had a liquidity problem that had persisted since 2005 with quick and current ratios below 1. 0. Starbucks has since seen its short-term liquidity improve wi th its quick and current ratios recovering in 2010 and 2011 to levels above 1. 0. Improved liquidity has also come with improved profitability with the return on sales number peaking at 10. 65% in 2011. How to cite Starbucks Solvency Case, Essay examples

Types of transitions free essay sample

Types of transition table. Types of transition Description of the transition Explain (how to give adult support for each transition) Physical transition A physical transition is something that every child goes through in their life, for example â€Å"Children attending a setting for the first time† (Walker, 2012, p44). You could support a child going through this transition by staying with the child at the setting, until they are settled in to a activity or tell them that mummy or daddy will be back later to see you. Physiological transition A physiological transition is â€Å"puberty† (Walker, 2012, p144), something a child goes through around the age of 11 to 13, girls become women by the age of 16 and boys become men by the age of 16 and 17. You could support the child going through puberty by the adult â€Å"reassuring the child that puberty is nothing to worry about† (www. bbc. co. uk date accessed 02. 12. 13). The adult could also support by the child by having a 5 minute chat, seeing how things are going through the child’s mind and to explain what happens through the body cycle. We will write a custom essay sample on Types of transitions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Emotional transition An emotional transition is something which a child could go through e. g. â€Å"being separated from parents or carers† (Walker, 2012, p144). For example this could be staying with a baby sitter for the first time. An adult can support the child by saying that â€Å"both parents still love them even though they are not together† (www. rcpsych.ac. uk date accessed 02. 12. 13). A adult could say to the child that they can stay with their dad or mum for a couple of hours so they still see each other, which shows the child that their parents still love them. Small transition A small transition is something that a child could go through, for example â€Å"transitions between lessons in primary school† (Walker, 2012, p144). An adult can support the child; you can reassure the child every 10 minutes to tell them that they are going to their next lesson or next activity.

pablo essays

pablo essays Pablo Neruda starts his 1971 Nobel Lecture Towards the Splendid City, stating, so remote are we Chileans that our boundaries almost touch the South Pole, and continues by speaking of the, vast expanses in my native country, most specifically his journey across, the Andes to find the frontier of my country with Argentina, (Neruda 1). In his narration of this journey Neruda comes into contact with, seasoned country folk, in which he describes a personal experience that allows him to realize that perhaps they share the, same kind of dreams, and, there were hidden things that were understood, (Neruda 2). In this story he is seeking to depict the commonalities of humanity especially when encountering the harshness of nature. He then goes on in his speech to state that he, did not learn from books any recipe for writing a poem, and I, in my turn, will avoid giving any advice on mode or style which might give the new poets even a drop of supposed insight, (Neruda 4). He expresses that during the long journey he achieved the necessary tools for writing a poem, from the earth and from the soul, (Neruda 4). He states he believes, that poetry is an action, ephemeral or solemn, in which there enter as equal partners solitude and solidarity, emotion and action, the nearness to oneself, the nearness to mankind and to the secret manifestations of nature, (Neruda 4). Through the framework of this specific journey in the Andes, Neruda speaks of the creation of his poetry and says, I do not know whether I experienced this or created it, I do not know whether it was truth or poetry, something passing or permanent, the poems I experienced in this hour, the experiences which I later put into verse, (Neruda 5). The poet goes on to say that his journey is not unlike all the journeys of life and that all paths of humanity lead to the s...

The History Behind Cobell Vs. Salazar

The History Behind Cobell Vs. Salazar Surviving multiple presidential administrations since its inception in 1996, the Cobell case has been known variously as Cobell v. Babbit, Cobell v. Norton, Cobell v. Kempthorne and its current name, Cobell v. Salazar (all defendants being Secretaries of the Interior under which the Bureau of Indian affairs is organized). With upwards of 500,000 plaintiffs, it has been called the largest class-action lawsuit against the United States in U.S. history. The suit is the result of over 100 years of abusive federal Indian policy and gross negligence in the management of Indian trust lands. Overview Eloise Cobell, a Blackfoot Indian from Montana and banker by profession, filed the lawsuit on behalf of hundreds of thousands of individual Indians in 1996 after finding many discrepancies in the management of funds for lands held in trust by the United States in her job as treasurer for the Blackfoot tribe. According to U.S. law, Indian lands are technically not owned by tribes or individual Indians themselves but are held in trust by the U.S. government. Under U.S. management, Indian trust lands Indian reservations are often leased to non-Indian individuals or companies for resource extraction or other uses. The revenue generated from the leases is to be paid to the tribes and individual Indian land owners. The United States has a fiduciary responsibility to manage the lands to the best benefit of tribes and individual Indians, but as the lawsuit revealed, for over 100 years the government failed in its duties to accurately account for the income generated by the leases, let alone pay the revenues to the Indians. History of Indian Land Policy and Law The foundation of federal Indian law begins with the principles based on the doctrine of discovery, originally defined in Johnson v. MacIntosh (1823) which maintains that Indians only have a right to occupancy and not the title to their own lands. This led to the legal principle of the trust doctrine to which the United States is held on behalf of Native American tribes. In its mission to civilize and assimilate Indians into mainstream American culture, the Dawes Act of 1887 broke up the communal landholdings of tribes into individual allotments which were held in trust for a period of 25 years. After the 25-year period, a patent in fee simple would be issued, enabling an individual to sell their land if they chose to and ultimately breaking up the reservations. The goal of the assimilation policy would have resulted in all Indian trust lands in private ownership, but a new generation of lawmakers in the early 20th century reversed the assimilation policy based on the landmark Merria m Report which detailed the deleterious effects of the previous policy. Fractionation Throughout the decades as the original allottees died the allotments passed to their heirs in subsequent generations. The result has been that an allotment of 40, 60, 80, or 160 acres, which was originally owned by one person is now owned by hundreds or sometimes even thousands of people. These fractionated allotments are usually vacant parcels of land that are still managed under resource leases by the U.S. and have been rendered useless for any other purposes because they can only be developed with the approval 51% of all other owners, an unlikely scenario. Each of those people is assigned Individual Indian Money (IIM) accounts which are credited with any revenue generated by the leases (or would have been had there been appropriate accounting and crediting maintained). With hundreds of thousands of IIM accounts now in existence, accounting has become a bureaucratic nightmare and highly costly. The Settlement The Cobell case hinged in large part on whether or not an accurate accounting of the IIM accounts could be determined. After over 15 years of litigation, the defendant and the plaintiffs both agreed that an accurate accounting was not possible and in 2010 a settlement was finally reached for a total of $3.4 billion. The settlement, known as the Claims Settlement Act of 2010, was divided into three sections: $1.5 billion was created for an Accounting/Trust Administration fund (to be distributed to IIM account holders), $60 million is set aside for Indian access to higher education, and the remaining $1.9 billion sets up the Trust Land Consolidation Fund, which provides funds for tribal governments to purchase individual fractionated interests, consolidating the allotments into once again communally held land. However, the settlement has yet to be paid due to legal challenges by four Indian plaintiffs.

1.To what extent do you agree that globalisation has undermined the Essay

1.To what extent do you agree that globalisation has undermined the power of the nation state Give evidence to support your argument - Essay Example se of other countries whereby they hold mutual interests but this has far changed since the affairs of the world have been interrelated in a manner whereby multiple states have common interests on particular issues. To maintain order in the operations of individual states, a new level of rules has been formulated differently from the ones that have jurisdiction within the boundaries of different countries (Hamilton, 2015). For instance, each country has its economic policies and the manner that it governs its domestic and international trade relations. However, with the increased need for expansion into the global market firms are now competing with on the global platform and thus much of the regulatory frameworks that are set out by their native countries will fail to control the operations at the international arena due to the disjoint that might arise from the different policies that are applied by various nations. It is from this premise that a new set of international regulation s are set to control how firms from different countries relate or rather conduct business with each other universally (Okpara, 2008). In that light, globalisation tends to undermine the power that nation states initially held in that for example in the economic perspective a firm has to subscribe to international policies on top of the policies of its native country for it to conduct operations effectively in the international arena. In some instances, the foreign policies override or rather collide with policies of individual countries but the former supersedes the latter since the interests of the world are more than those of individual nations. In such situations the autonomy and power of nation states is substantially undermined since the objective of statehood of coming up with policies that protects its interests seems to be overridden by global concern (Homann, Koslowski, & Luetge, 2007). Notably, the extent to which this system works depends on the superiority of the nations in

Describe how a torque wrench relates to automotive physics Essay

Describe how a torque wrench relates to automotive physics - Essay Example This force is created the same way as the force is applied at a distance in a typical torque wrench. The horsepower of the vehicle can then be determined from the torque produced. The more torque produced by an engine, the more potential it has and an increase in torque results in an increase in acceleration. Torque is also very important in the braking system of the automobiles. When the brakes are applied, the road surface exerts a backward force on the wheels and this result in a clockwise torque that causes backward acceleration. In the design of the braking system, torque is a function of the wheel radius and for a full circle braking system, When a moving car is braked, the surface of the road exerts a backward force that acts on the wheels and this result in a clockwise torque that causes backward acceleration therefore stopping the vehicle. Manufacturers of in the tires industry must design tires that are capable of withstanding this friction without causing tear on the